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In recent times, web development has emerged as one of the most lucrative industries. The chief reason for this is that it has made abundant data available to several users globally. Web development encompasses web design, web content development, web server, network security configuration, and e-commerce development.

A web developer provides web designs that are tailored according to the needs of the client. The demand for tailored websites led to the growth of several custom web development companies in India. This is because global clients outsource web design and development to India due to lower costs and expertise in the field.

If you want to begin your journey in the field of web development, here’s a list of skills you need to develop! Web development entails expertise in different types of coding languages based on the type of developer you want to become.

The scope in the field of web development are:

• Front & Back-end Development
• Full-Stack Web Development
• DevOps Engineer

Irrespective of the type of web developer you want to become, you will need to master certain basic skills and then develop specific skills according to your area of specialization.

What are the basic skills required for developers?

Any web developer needs to:

Be conversant with Command Line

The command line is effectively how you run your code. To become efficient in coding, you will need to be able to work on the command line with ease. This implies that you should be capable of navigating and executing the required commands.

Have an Understanding of Text Editor:
A text editor is where the code is written and the terminal is where it is executed. It is vital to choose the right editor for your task. There are several options of text editors available such as VS Code, Atom, WebStorm, Vim, etc. You will need to familiarize yourself with different types of text editors so that you are equipped to choose the right one according to your application. After picking the editor, you will need to set up the plugins and learn the hotkeys.

Git and Version Control

Git is a tool that is used for storing code, creating different versions, and collaborating with other developers. GitHub is a popular choice for code storing and developer collaboration.

Mastery in JavaScript

To pursue a career in web development, a strong foundation in JavaScript is a must. Java Script (JS) is the best language for beginning your career as a web developer. This is because JS is used for both front-end and back-end development. Mastering JS opens doors for working as a back-end/front-end or full-stack developer. After you master these basic skills, you are ready to develop skills that are relevant to your area of specialization.

How to Become a Front-end Developer?

Frontend development is for building a user interface (UI) for the web.

For becoming a frontend developer, you will need to have:

In-depth knowledge of JS

Knowledge of JavaScript is imperative for building UI because all client-side libraries such as React, Angular, and Vue are written in JS. Besides a command on vanilla JS is a must for leveling up and building complex apps.

A thorough understanding of how HTML/CSS work.

Expertise in HTML and CSS is essential because while HTML provides a structure to the page, CSS is the language that is used for styling it.

How to Become a Backend Developer?

Backend development entails communicating with the database, handling business logic, and sending the required data to the frontend.

There are several options of software languages for backend coding:

• Node/JS

Node implies how JS is executed outside the browser. It is used to build APIs on the backend. It is a good language to start with because it is simple to learn and also allows the flexibility to switch between frontend and backend.

• Python

Python is a backend development language that is easy to learn. It finds applications in areas such as backend data science and scripting. It is used by tech giants and top startups.

• Go (Golang)

It is a developer-friendly language that is statically-typed. Although it is relatively new it is being adopted rapidly because it is a great option for building services.

• Ruby on Rails

It was a popular choice of backend developers for startups because it was easy to use and facilitated building products rapidly.

Database

As the name indicates, the database is where the data for an application is permanently stored. Whenever there is an API call, the backend makes a query against the database. The two predominantly used databases are SQL and NoSQL. PostgreSQL/My SQL is implemented extensively for business applications. GraphQL is not exactly a database. It is in fact, a query language on top of databases. It has become popular among tech giants and top startups because of its potential to transform how APIs are built. MongoDB is the most popular NoSQL database used with NodeJS.

How to Become a Full-Stack Developer?

A full-stack developer is one who can work on the front-end as well as the back-end. To become a full-stack developer, you will require the skills listed for a front-end developer as well as those for a back-end developer. The best option for a full-stack developer is to master JavaScript as this will equip him to work on both front-end and back-end.

How to Become a DevOps Engineer?

The responsibility of a DevOps engineer is managing the infrastructure of a company by setting up processes to deploy web apps. Besides, he also manages the web-traffic on the site. DevOps engineers ensure that all the other teams get the code into production. Also, it is the DevOps engineers who make sure that the servers are functioning seamlessly and the content is shared with the end-user at the earliest.

A DevOps engineer needs to have an understanding of the following:

Linux: A DevOps engineer needs to have an in-depth knowledge of Linux because it is used on most servers.

Security: It is the responsibility of the DevOps engineer to ensure the security of the systems within the company from common cyber-attacks.

Command Line/Terminals: Knowledge of Command line is mandatory for a DevOps engineer because he not only needs to use Linux commands but also be prepared to SSH into remote servers. Besides, the DevOps engineer is required to write scripts and automate programs for the organization.

Automation Testing: The DevOps engineer sets up automation testing to ensure that all codes that enter production are scrutinized so as to minimize bugs.

Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery: The DevOps engineer sets up a system of continuous integration and continuous delivery that seamlessly merges the code into production thereby minimizing the manual touchpoints.

Containers: A container such as Kubernetes or Docker is utilized to ensure that the code is executed in a clean and reproducible environment. The DevOps engineer needs to have an understanding of leveraging containers effectively.

Server management in Cloud: Since most businesses are completely or partially migrating to the cloud, it is essential for the DevOps engineer to have the knowledge of server management in the Cloud.

Log Management: A streamlined logging system enables the DevOps engineer to diagnose bugs and analyze the reason for issues with the application.

Although not exhaustive, this is a list of the skills required to become a web developer in 2020. Once you develop these skills you can start your career as a web developer and choose to work as a freelancer or work in a software firm.

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